J Plant Ecol ›› 2026, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (5): rtag034.DOI: 10.1093/jpe/rtag034

   

Asymmetric impacts of daytime and nighttime warming on vegetation coverage in marsh wetlands of the Tibetan Plateau

Liyuan Wu1,2, Jinfeng Xu1,*, Jiaqi Zhang1,2, Xingdong Zhang1, Chen Ding1,2, Jiaqi Hu1,2, Siyi Zheng1,2, Yuanhao Yao1, Xianguo Lu1, Ming Jiang1, Xiangjin Shen1,3,*   

  1. 1 Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China;
    2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
    3 Key Laboratory of Geographical Processes and Ecological Security in Changbai Mountains, Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
    *Corresponding authors. E-mails: xujinfeng@iga.ac.cn (J.X.); shenxiangjin@iga.ac.cn (X.S.)
  • Received:2025-07-25 Revised:2025-10-10 Accepted:2026-01-31 Published:2026-10-01
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (42422101, 42371070, 42501121), National Key Research and Development Program of China (2023YFF0807204), Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province (20260101002JJ), Science and Technology Development Plan Project of Jilin Province (YDZJ202601ZYTS297) and Youth Innovation Promotion Association, CAS (2019235).

Abstract: Climate change profoundly affects vegetation coverage in marsh wetlands of the Tibetan Plateau, thereby influencing regional biodiversity. Until recently, the understanding of how vegetation coverage in Plateau marshes responds to climatic changes is limited. In this study, spatiotemporal change in vegetation coverage across the Tibetan Plateau was analyzed using leaf area index and meteorological data from 2001 to 2022, with emphasis on hydrothermal forcing mechanisms. Growing season average vegetation coverage increased significantly (P < 0.05) by 0.01 m2 m-2 yr-1. While overall growing season precipitation show no significant influence on vegetation coverage across the plateau, changes in monthly precipitation were found to have region-specific effects. Specifically, increased precipitation in May and June significantly reduced vegetation coverage in the central plateau but enhanced it markedly in the southwestern region. Regarding temperature effects, growing season warming generally increased vegetation coverage across the plateau. We identified an asymmetric effect of diurnal temperature on vegetation coverage: nighttime warming had a more pronounced positive effect than equivalent daytime warming. A 1 °C increase in growing season daytime maximum and nighttime minimum temperatures increased vegetation coverage by 0.15 and 0.21 m2 m-2, respectively. This asymmetry effect was also evident across specific months. Nighttime warming in May and September significantly enhanced vegetation coverage across the plateau, whereas daytime warming during these months showed no significant effect. Contrastingly, increased daytime and nighttime temperatures in July were associated with decreased and increased vegetation coverage, respectively, in the southwestern region. Our findings will contribute to further understand the relationship between global climate change and alpine wetland ecosystem.

Nighttime warming has a significantly greater positive effect on vegetation growth than daytime warming.

Key words: marsh wetlands, vegetation coverage, climate change, diurnal temperature, Tibetan Plateau