Journal of Plant Ecology ›› 2025, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (6): 1-30.DOI: 10.1093/jpe/rtaf096

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披碱草属牧草生长和繁殖性状对刈割的耐受性响应机制

  

  • 收稿日期:2025-02-20 接受日期:2025-06-15 出版日期:2025-12-01 发布日期:2025-10-23

Response of growth and reproductive traits to mowing tolerance mechanism in Elymus species

Zengzeng Yang1,2,3, Chunping Zhang1,2,3, Quan Cao1,2,3, Yang Yu1,2,3, Zhengshe Zhang1,2,3, Yongshang Tong1,2,3, Xiaofang Zhang1,2,3, Xue Zhang1,2,3, Lian Huo1,2,3, Kongtao Wei1,2,3, Yulong He1,2,3 and Quanmin Dong1,2,3,*   

  1. 1Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China, 2Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Adaptive Management on Alpine Grassland, Xining 810016, China, 3Key Laboratory of the Alpine Grassland Ecology in the Three Rivers Region, Qinghai University, Ministry of Education, Xining 810016, China 

    *Corresponding author. E-mail: qmdong@qhu.edu.cn

  • Received:2025-02-20 Accepted:2025-06-15 Online:2025-12-01 Published:2025-10-23
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by Technology Innovation Guidance Project of Shandong Province, China [grant number YDZX2023024] and the National Natural Science Foundation of China [grant number U22A20558].

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摘要： 草地管理中植物对刈割的耐受性与生长、繁殖性状密切相关，但相关过程尚不明确。本研究以披碱草属(Elymus)牧草：阿坝垂穗披碱草(Elymus nutans ‘Aba’)、青牧1号老芒麦(Elymus sibiricus ‘Qingmu No.1’)、同德无芒披碱草(Elymus submuticus ‘Tongde’)、同德短芒披碱草(Elymus breviaristatus ‘Tongde’)和同德老芒麦(Elymus:sibiricus ‘Tongde’) 为对象，在拔节期、孕穗期和开花期设置不同刈割强度(未刈割、轻度、中度和重度刈割)，系统评估了刈割对牧草耐受性的影响及其性状调控机制。结果表明，刈割普遍降低了株高和生殖枝数量，但显著增加分蘖数、苗数量和相对生长速率。根茎长度和营养枝高度对刈割的响应随生育期不同而不同。拔节期刈割对形态特征的影响最为显著，繁殖性状对耐受性的贡献最大且随刈割强度增加而提高。中度刈割在拔节期显著提高牧草生长速率、分蘖和苗数量，从而增强其耐受性。孕穗期和开花期重度刈割则显著抑制生殖枝数和根茎长度，导致耐受性降低。上述研究表明，刈割时期与牧草品种通过调节植物生长、繁殖性状的适应性进而影响牧草的耐受性。在草地管理中，需要考虑不同生育期的刈割效应以优化披碱草属草地的利用与管理策略。

关键词: 披碱草属(Elymus), 刈割, 生长性状, 繁殖性状, 刈割耐受性, 青藏高原

Abstract: In grassland ecosystem management, mowing influences the tolerance mechanism of plants by modifying their growth and reproductive traits; however, the specific processes involved remain unclear. This study focused on the Elymus species (Elymus nutans ‘Aba’, Elymus sibiricus ‘Qingmu No.1’, Elymus submuticus ‘Tongde’, Elymus breviaristatus ‘Tongde’ and E. sibiricus ‘Tongde’) and systematically evaluated the effects of different mowing intensities (no mowing, light, moderate and heavy mowing) at three growth stages (jointing, booting and flowering) on plant tolerance and the role of growth and reproductive traits in this mechanism. The results revealed that mowing generally reduced plant height and the reproductive branch quantity, while significantly increasing the tiller number, seedling number and relative growth rate. However, the responses of rhizome length and vegetative branch height varied across the growth stages. Mowing during the jointing stage had the most significant effect on morphological traits, with vegetative reproduction contributing the most to tolerance and increasing with mowing intensity. Overall, the plant response to mowing timing was more pronounced than its response to changes in individual traits. Moderate mowing at the jointing stage significantly increased growth rate, tiller number and seedling number, thereby enhancing mowing tolerance. In contrast, heavy mowing at the booting and flowering stages markedly reduced reproductive branch quantity and rhizome length, resulting in diminished mowing tolerance. The study indicated that differences in the mowing stage and forage species regulated adaptive changes in growth and reproductive traits, thereby influencing tolerance mechanisms. Grassland management should fully consider the effects of mowing at different growth stages to optimize the utilization and management of the Elymus grasslands.

Key words: Elymus species, mowing, growth traits, reproductive traits, mowing tolerance, Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau

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