Journal of Plant Ecology ›› 2023, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (6): 0-rtad023.DOI: 10.1093/jpe/rtad023

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高山植物花中央的温度比边缘高:来自青藏高原的证据

  

  • 收稿日期:2023-03-05 修回日期:2023-03-27 接受日期:2023-05-22 出版日期:2023-12-01 发布日期:2023-06-14

Flower surface is warmer in center than at edges in alpine plants: evidence from Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

Yan Zhang, Yanhong Tang*   

  1. Department of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
  • Received:2023-03-05 Revised:2023-03-27 Accepted:2023-05-22 Online:2023-12-01 Published:2023-06-14
  • Contact: E-mail: tangyh@pku.edu.cn

摘要: 花表面温度对植物繁殖有重要作用,但花表面温度的空间分布规律仍不清楚,尤其是在高山植物中。为探讨花表面温度空间分布,我们分析了青藏高原东北部冷龙岭海拔3200至4000 m的18种植物的热成像照片,发现在直射辐射环境下花或花序表面温度空间变化很大,大多数花或花序的中央温度比边缘高出约1 °C,最大可达11 °C。太阳辐射和花的形状显著影响花表面温度的空间分布,如温度的空间变化范围、空间变化的标准差以及花中心与边缘部分的温度比值。花冠越大,表面温度的空间变异性越高。菊科植物表面花温及其空间变异性都比较高,花中央温度比边缘温度也比其它观测的物种更高更稳定。大多数物种花中央与边缘部分温度的比值随海拔上升而增大。这些结果表明,在高山植物中花或花序中央区域的热积累可能很普遍,其生态和进化意义有待进一步探索。

关键词: 花形状, 花性状, 青藏高原, 繁殖成功, 温度分布

Abstract: Although flower temperature plays an important role in plant reproduction, how it varies spatially on the flower surface is unclear, especially in alpine plants. To characterize spatial variation in flower surface temperature, we examined thermal images of flowers of 18 species along an altitudinal transect from 3200 to 4000 m on Lenglong Mountain on the north-eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. The surface temperature varied considerably within a flower or floral unit in all plants under sunlight, and was about 1 °C with a maximum of 11 °C higher in the center than at the edges. Solar radiation and flower shape significantly affected the temperature range and standard deviation and the ratio of flower center to edge temperature. The spatial variability of temperature increased with flower size. Flowers in the Asteraceae had higher surface temperatures, greater spatial variability of temperature, and consistently higher and more stable temperatures in the center than at the edge. The ratio of flower center to edge temperature increased with altitude in most species. Heat buildup at the flower center is likely to be widespread in alpine plants; further studies are needed to explore its ecological and evolutional roles.

Key words: flower shape, flower traits, Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, reproductive success, thermal pattern