植物功能性状：理解与修复湿地生态系统结构和功能的关键

doi:10.1093/jpe/rtag125

Journal of Plant Ecology

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植物功能性状：理解与修复湿地生态系统结构和功能的关键

收稿日期:2026-03-20 修回日期:2026-05-13 接受日期:2026-03-20

Plant functional traits: a key to understanding and restoring ecosystem structure and functioning in wetlands

Hao Liu¹, Lijuan Cui², Wei Li², Guangxuan Han^3,4, Jihua Wu^1,5, Bo Li^1,6, Ming Nie^1*

1 State Key Laboratory of Wetland Conservation and Restoration, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, and Institute of Eco-Chongming, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China;
2 Institute of Wetland Research, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China;
3 Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264000, China;
4 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100000, China;
5 State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China;
6 State Key Laboratory for Vegetation Structure, Functions and Construction (VegLab), Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Transboundary Ecosecurity of Southwest China, Institute of Biodiversity, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, and Southwest United Graduate School, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650504, China
^*Correspondence to Ming Nie (mnie@fudan.edu.cn)

Received:2026-03-20 Revised:2026-05-13 Accepted:2026-03-20
Supported by:
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant number 32430065, 32501442, 42507393), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (grant number 2023YFF1304504), and the Shanghai Pilot Program for Basic Research—Fudan University 21TQ1400100 (grant number 21TQ004).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 植物功能性状为揭示植物群落对环境变化的响应及其对生态系统功能的调控提供了机制框架。然而，尽管相关研究在过去几十年迅速发展，功能性状驱动湿地生态系统功能的作用机制仍不如陆地生态系统明晰，这在一定程度上制约了湿地保护与修复实践的有效开展。本综述系统整合了植物功能性状与功能多样性影响湿地关键生态系统功能（如生产力、碳循环和养分循环）的现有证据。我们发现，功能性状是调控生态系统功能的关键因素，因此湿地修复应优先选择具有特定功能性状的植物物种。同时，我们主张在局地与景观尺度上开展协同修复，以协调不同修复目标间的潜在权衡，提升生态系统多功能性。未来研究应进一步阐明功能多样性及湿地特有耐淹性状的驱动作用，并借助更多控制实验，深入揭示功能性状与功能多样性调控湿地生态系统功能的机制。本综述强调了植物功能性状在机制层面连接湿地植被动态与生态系统功能的核心作用。

关键词: 功能性状, 功能多样性, 生态系统功能, 修复, 湿地

Abstract: Plant functional traits offer a mechanistic framework for understanding how plant communities respond to environmental change and shape ecosystem functioning. However, despite rapid advances over the past decades, the role of functional traits in driving wetland ecosystem functioning remains less well understood than in terrestrial systems, thereby limiting effective wetland conservation and restoration. In this review, we synthesize existing evidence on how plant functional traits and functional diversity influence key wetland ecosystem functioning, such as productivity, carbon cycling, and nutrient cycling. We find that functional traits are key regulators of ecosystem functioning; therefore, targeted restoration should prioritize species with specific traits. We also call for coordinated actions across local and landscape scales to manage potential trade-offs among restoration objectives and enhance ecosystem multifunctionality. Clarifying the roles of functional diversity and wetland-specific flooding-adaptive traits in driving ecosystem functioning is identified as an important focus for future work. Moreover, a deeper understanding of how functional traits and diversity regulate wetland ecosystem functioning requires more manipulative experiments. This review highlights the role of plant traits in mechanistically linking vegetation dynamics to ecosystem functioning in wetlands.

Key words: functional trait, functional diversity, ecosystem functioning, restoration, wetland

. 植物功能性状：理解与修复湿地生态系统结构和功能的关键[J]. Journal of Plant Ecology, DOI: 10.1093/jpe/rtag125.

Hao Liu, Lijuan Cui, Wei Li, Guangxuan Han, Jihua Wu, Bo Li, Ming Nie. Plant functional traits: a key to understanding and restoring ecosystem structure and functioning in wetlands[J]. J Plant Ecol, DOI: 10.1093/jpe/rtag125.

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植物功能性状：理解与修复湿地生态系统结构和功能的关键

Plant functional traits: a key to understanding and restoring ecosystem structure and functioning in wetlands

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