农业弃耕后自然恢复湿地中植物功能性状与群落特征共同影响土壤碳、氮和磷储量

doi:10.1093/jpe/rtaf084

Journal of Plant Ecology ›› 2025, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (5): 1-.DOI: 10.1093/jpe/rtaf084

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农业弃耕后自然恢复湿地中植物功能性状与群落特征共同影响土壤碳、氮和磷储量

收稿日期:2025-03-25 接受日期:2025-05-27 出版日期:2025-10-01 发布日期:2025-09-22

Plant functional traits and community characteristics jointly shape soil carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus storage in passively restored wetlands following agricultural abandonment

Yu An^a, Le Wang^a, Mingye Zhang^a,*, Keke Shi^a, Shouzheng Tong^a, Ming Jiang^a, Haitao Wu^a, Bo, Liu^a, Guodong Wang^a

^aNortheast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Science, Changchun 130102, China

^*Corresponding author. E-mail: zhangmingye@iga.ac.cn

Received:2025-03-25 Accepted:2025-05-27 Online:2025-10-01 Published:2025-09-22
Supported by:
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41871102; 42471066), the Science and Technology Development Program of Jilin Province of China (20230203003SF; 20240602026RC), and the Major Scientific and Technological Project of Jilin Province of China (20230303005SF).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 农业弃耕后自然恢复湿地中植物功能性状与群落特征共同影响土壤碳、氮和磷储量湿地开垦破坏了原有的生物地貌过程，退耕还湿是一种关键的近自然恢复措施。土壤有机碳(TSOC)、全氮(TSN)和全磷(TSP)储量是生态恢复成效的重要指标，与植物群落演替和功能策略密切相关，但其驱动因素和影响路径尚不清楚。本研究分析了农业退耕后自然恢复的三江平原淡水湿地的土壤功能(TSOC、TSN、TSP)、植物群落特征和功能性状。结果表明，TSOC和TSN分别在恢复14和17年达到峰值后趋于稳定，而TSP则先下降后上升。随着恢复时间的延长，植物群落株高、盖度和生物量呈增加趋势，而密度和多样性则下降。群落水平功能性状由获取型向保守型转变。方差分解分析表明，土壤功能动态主要由植物群落特征与功能性状的相互作用驱动。随机森林模型确定了关键驱动因素，而结构方程模型确定了恢复时间对土壤功能的直接影响和植物变量介导的间接途径。具体而言，比叶面积(SLA)和植物密度的协同下降促进了TSOC的积累。SLA和茎磷含量(SPC)的协同降低增加了地上生物量(AGB)，提高了TSN，但降低了TSP的累积。此外，叶片磷含量(LPC)和根冠比(RSR)之间的权衡关系也参与调控了TSN的变化。本研究结果证实，退耕后湿地自然恢复有利于土壤功能趋于稳定，并且植物功能性状和群落特征对功能形成具有协同效应。深入理解这一机制为优化恢复策略提供了科学框架。

关键词: 生态功能, 淡水湿地, 自然恢复, 基于性状途径, 植被变化

Abstract: Wetland reclamation disrupts original biogeomorphic processes, making passive restoration after agricultural abandonment a key near‒natural solution. Soil organic carbon (TSOC), total nitrogen (TSN), and total phosphorus (TSP) storages serve as critical indicators of ecological restoration outcomes, closely linked to plant community succession and functional strategies, however, their drivers and influencing pathways remain unclear. This study examined soil functions (TSOC, TSN, and TSP), plant communities, and functional traits in passively restored freshwater wetlands following agricultural abandonment on China’s Sanjiang Plain. Results revealed that TSOC and TSN peaked at 14‒ and 17‒year post‒restoration, respectively, then stabilized, while TSP initially decreased before increasing. With extended restoration duration, plant communities showed increased height, coverage and biomass but decreased density and diversity, while functional traits transitioned from acquisitive to conservative strategies. Variance partitioning analysis revealed that soil function dynamics were primarily governed by plant community and functional trait interactions. Random forest models identified key drivers, while structural equation modeling delineated both direct effects of restoration duration and indirect pathways mediated by plant attributes. Specifically, synergistic declines in specific leaf area (SLA) and plant density enhanced TSOC accumulation. Coordinated reductions in SLA and stem phosphorus content (SPC) increased aboveground biomass (AGB), thereby elevating TSN but depleting TSP. A trade‒off between leaf phosphorus content (LPC) and root‒to‒shoot ratio (RSR) further modulated TSN dynamics. These findings demonstrate that passive wetland restoration facilitates soil function stabilization, with plant functional traits and community characteristics playing synergistic effects. This mechanistic understanding provides a scientific framework for optimizing restoration strategies.

Key words: ecological functions, freshwater wetlands, natural restoration, trait-based approach, vegetation dynamics

. 农业弃耕后自然恢复湿地中植物功能性状与群落特征共同影响土壤碳、氮和磷储量[J]. Journal of Plant Ecology, 2025, 18(5): 1-.

Yu An, Le Wang, Mingye Zhang, Keke Shi, Shouzheng Tong, Ming Jiang, Haitao Wu, Bo, Liu, Guodong Wang. Plant functional traits and community characteristics jointly shape soil carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus storage in passively restored wetlands following agricultural abandonment[J]. J Plant Ecol, 2025, 18(5): 1-.

[1]	. 夜间增温重塑淡水湿地的热量状态 : 可能引起湿地碳循环级联效应[J]. Journal of Plant Ecology, 2025, 18(4): 1-41.
[2]	. [J]. Journal of Plant Ecology, 2023, 16(1): 0-.

农业弃耕后自然恢复湿地中植物功能性状与群落特征共同影响土壤碳、氮和磷储量

Plant functional traits and community characteristics jointly shape soil carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus storage in passively restored wetlands following agricultural abandonment

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