J Plant Ecol ›› 2014, Vol. 7 ›› Issue (4): 356-363 .DOI: 10.1093/jpe/rtt041

• Research Articles • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effect of wood density and water permeability on wood decomposition rates of 32 Bornean rainforest trees

Sanae Mori1, Akira Itoh1,*, Satoshi Nanami1, Sylvester Tan2,3, Lucy Chong3 and Takuo Yamakura1   

  1. 1 Laboratory of Plant Ecology, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Sugimoto 3-3-138, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558–8585, Japan; 2 Center for Tropical Forest Science, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute and the Arnold Arboretum, Harvard University, 22 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; 3 Applied Forest Science and Industry Development, Sarawak Forestry Corporation, Jalan Tapang, Kota Sentosa, Kuching 93250, Sarawak, Malaysia
  • Received:2012-07-08 Accepted:2013-07-19 Published:2014-07-22
  • Contact: ITOH, AKIRA

Effect of wood density and water permeability on wood decomposition rates of 32 Bornean rainforest trees

Abstract: Aims A better understanding of wood litter decomposition is essential for predicting responses of forest ecosystems to global climate change. Recent studies suggest that chemical properties of wood litters, rather than physical ones such as wood density, are more important for interspecific differences in wood decomposition rates. However, empirical data are still limited, especially for tropical trees. In addition, decomposition rate of wood litter often varies with time, which makes interspecific comparison difficult. We studied the wood decomposition of 32 rainforest trees to elucidate (i) the degree of interspecific variation in wood decomposition rate of a given size and configuration and (ii) if initial wood density and water permeability are consistent predictors of the overall decomposition rate and its pattern over time.
Methods A common garden decomposition experiment was conducted in a tropical rainforest in Malaysian Borneo for 32 native tree species. Small wood sticks were set on the forest floor and the weight loss was monitored monthly for 2.7 years.
Important findings We found large variation in the wood decomposition rate (a 49-fold range), suggesting that we need to consider this variation when calculating community-level carbon dynamics of tropical rain forests. The physical traits of wood, i.e. wood density and water permeability, were related to wood decomposition rate and its pattern over time. Decomposition half-time related positively and negatively to initial wood density and water permeability, respectively. The time-dependent-rate model fitted better for 18 species (56% of the study species) that had higher water permeabilities than the others, suggesting that micelle porosity in wood relates to temporal changes in decomposition rate.

Key words: Sarawak, carbon dynamics, fine wood litter, wood density, tropical rain forest

摘要:
Aims A better understanding of wood litter decomposition is essential for predicting responses of forest ecosystems to global climate change. Recent studies suggest that chemical properties of wood litters, rather than physical ones such as wood density, are more important for interspecific differences in wood decomposition rates. However, empirical data are still limited, especially for tropical trees. In addition, decomposition rate of wood litter often varies with time, which makes interspecific comparison difficult. We studied the wood decomposition of 32 rainforest trees to elucidate (i) the degree of interspecific variation in wood decomposition rate of a given size and configuration and (ii) if initial wood density and water permeability are consistent predictors of the overall decomposition rate and its pattern over time.
Methods A common garden decomposition experiment was conducted in a tropical rainforest in Malaysian Borneo for 32 native tree species. Small wood sticks were set on the forest floor and the weight loss was monitored monthly for 2.7 years.
Important findings We found large variation in the wood decomposition rate (a 49-fold range), suggesting that we need to consider this variation when calculating community-level carbon dynamics of tropical rain forests. The physical traits of wood, i.e. wood density and water permeability, were related to wood decomposition rate and its pattern over time. Decomposition half-time related positively and negatively to initial wood density and water permeability, respectively. The time-dependent-rate model fitted better for 18 species (56% of the study species) that had higher water permeabilities than the others, suggesting that micelle porosity in wood relates to temporal changes in decomposition rate.